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Arizona Criminal Defense Attorney Blog

Does Marijuana Odor Constitute Probable Cause in Arizona? Yes…and No.
Law Office of James Novak

Why Two Appeals Court Rulings Contrasted: Justices Review Effects of AMMA on Marijuana Odor on Probable Cause. In late July, two different Appeals Courts in Arizona released contrasting opinions involving appeals to dismiss the Marijuana evidence due to lack of probable cause for the search. In both cases the defendants argued the because of the…

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3 Ways Arizona Underage DUI Accident can Impact Minors and their Parents
Law Office of James Novak

In a tragic turn of events, Phoenix police reported that a 14-year-old boy, driving a mid-size sedan, allegedly under the influence, sped through a red light signal and crashed into an SUV. The SUV was carrying three people, a man, his girlfriend and his girlfriend’s three-year-old daughter. The toddler was thrown from the SUV and…

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Arizona Supreme Court Limits Warrantless Home Searches
Law Office of James Novak

Under the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and the Arizona Constitution, you have a right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. This means that in most cases, a warrant is required to search your home, with few exceptions. The exceptions include situations where “exigent circumstances” exist. This allows police to make a…

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U.S. Supreme Court Tips Scale to 4th Amendment Rights at Police Stops
Law Office of James Novak

Police cannot prolong stop’s duration beyond its initial purpose, without reasonable suspicion. The United States Supreme Court recently decided an important case that tilted in favor of 4th Amendment protections against unlawful detention, search and seizures. The case arose when a K-9 police officer pulled over the defendant for moving traffic violation. The driver was…

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Arizona Court of Appeals Marijuana Trafficking Case Study: Part II of II – Suspects 40 Minute Detention for K-9 Drug Unit Not Unreasonable.
Law Office of James Novak

Arizona Court of Appeals Marijuana Trafficking Case Study: Part II of II – Decision to Detain for K-9 Drug Unit Not Unreasonable. Your rights at a police stop; Stop; 10 Com7mon Drug Defenses; Mitigating Sentencing; Drug Trafficking Laws; Penalties, Criminal Defense for Felony Drug Charges.

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Arizona Court of Appeals: Officer had Reasonable Suspicion to Detain based on Totality of Circumstances: Part I of II: Case Study
Law Office of James Novak

In a case decided earlier this month, an Arizona Appeals Court ruled that an officer had enough “reasonable suspicion” to detain a suspect 40 minutes while awaiting the drug K-9 unit. The court considered the “Totality of Circumstances” or “the whole picture”, to conclude that the detention was not unreasonable. Case Facts The suspect was…

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AZ Appeals Court Rules: “When Out-of-state DUI Convictions Count as Priors”
Law Office of James Novak

The Arizona Appeal Court noted that that in order for an offense that occurred out of state to be counted as a “prior” the laws of the two states must be identical. Or alternatively, the offense must be such that if it had been committed in Arizona, instead of California in this case, it would have been in violation of Arizona’s impaired driving laws.

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DUI Confessions, Self-Incrimination in Arizona – Pleading the Fifth on Social Media
Law Office of James Novak

A Tragic Video Confession You might remember the viral video of an Arizona man, 22 year old Matthew Cordle, who caused a fatal drunk driving accident. He provided a confession in a four-minute online video that went viral with 2.3 million views last September. Cordle began his chilling confession with “My name is Matthew Cordle…

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Yes, You Have Constitutional Rights at an Arizona DUI Checkpoint
Law Office of James Novak

“The best way to deal with a DUI checkpoint is to be prepared for it. Lack of preparation or knowledge of your rights can lead to a false arrest, and violations of your rights.” A Case of False Arrest at a DUI Checkpoint One spring evening, 61 year old, Michael Wilhelm found himself in a…

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Federal v. State Prosecution of Drug and Gun Possession Charges
Law Office of James Novak

Determining who will prosecute; Differences between Arizona, Federal laws and penalties. A Phoenix AZ man was recently sentenced to 25 years in prison for charges of methamphetamine possession with intent to distribute; and prohibited possession of a firearm. The suspected was prohibited from possessing a firearm because of a prior felony conviction on his record.…

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Arizona Criminal Defense Attorney Blog

How Does a Court Determine if a Juvenile’s Confession is Voluntary? Under Arizona law, courts must assume that any juvenile suspect’s confession to a crime is involuntary, unless there is reason to think otherwise...

Hearsay Are Statements “Offered for the Truth of the Matter” As you may know, hearsay is a statement made out of court that a litigant tries to use in court. The second element of hearsay that you may not know...

Understanding Prolonged Traffic Stops in Arizona In Arizona, a police officer cannot keep a driver in a traffic stop against his or her will without a legal basis to do so. Arizona case law...

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